Columbus Bring Syphilis to Europe?

Said that in the 18th century, the philosopher Voltaire called the discoverer of the Americas, Christopher Columbus, as carriers of syphilis to Europe in the 15th century. Now, a study to prove the same thing.

Recorded syphilis venereal disease was first discovered among the French mercenaries who arrived in Naples, Italy, in 1495. From Naples, syphilis then expand to the rest of Europe.

At the end of the 15th century, syphilis was commonly known as the 'Spanish disease' in Scotland, Belgium, and Portugal. While Italy, Germany and Britain called it a "disease of Naples'.

Well, two years before the disease was recorded in Naples that is 1493, Columbus had just returned from his adventure to the New World, America.
Historians believe that the mercenary army that was the crew of Columbus who contracted the disease from Native American women.

But the evidence is very common. In fact, many experts argue, syphilis originated in Europe, then brought to America, mutate and then brought back to Europe.

That's based on phylogenetic evidence, a science that examines the evolutionary chain between organisms. A team led by Kristin Harper of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, who did it. The team compared the different types of families of bacteria called treponemes that cause syphilis and related diseases 3 of 26 places around the world.
They found syphilis is the latest family member of treponeme. Syphilis is a close cousin of a tropical disease called yaws or yaws. Yaws is a more benign skin disease from syphilis and was transmitted through sex.

The hypothesis the researchers were, Columbus crew is infected with yaws, then the bacteria to travel deep into the cooler and drier in Europe and develop into syphilis.

"When this genetic data combined with extensive documentary evidence, the hypothesis of Columbus for syphilis is getting stronger," says the study, as quoted by AFP on Thursday (17/01/2008).

Or yaws yaws itself are also not native to America. Yaws from syphilis caused by Treponema pallidum that, which were not initially infected. Then the bacteria were brought to the New World and evolved so yaws.

After developing a disease that infects so, then the sailors were brought back to Europe. Treponema pallidum also raged into diseases such as syphilis are known now.

Maniak Game Dangers In Children

Video games have become addictive because they can entertain someone, no exception for children. But the children who too often play the game would endanger the physical and psychological.

A study ever conducted by the Kaiser Family Foundation on 2032 children with ages between 3 years to 12 years about how often kids are playing video games or computer games. It turned out that 73 percent found boys aged 8 years to 10 years on average an hour of game play per day and nearly 68 percent of children age 12 to 14 years of playing games for ages 17 and over.

As quoted from PsychiatricTime, Friday (16/10/2009), the reason for children to play games is like to try something new and to eliminate the stress of school assignments or due to a problem.
But too often bet the game will affect the personality of the child itself, because at the age
of 4 years to 17 years children tend to absorb and imitate everything he sees thus affecting the development of the body.

Especially at this time too many games played by children contain violence, the impact of this game
can mold a child into a rebel, great curiosity towards everything that is forbidden, and has a behavior that is sometimes difficult to accept the community.

One health problem Y is most common in children who like to play the game is a stooped posture or bent, this happens due to irregular seating position in front of the television or computer screen. Besides playing games every day with a long time can cause damage to the joints or skin irritation.

Other problems can also arise such as damage child's vision, this is because of playing too long with the distance of the eyes and the monitor is too close or it could be because the room is dark and the picture is changing rapidly.
And can cause a child to be obese due to lack of activity outside and just sit before the screen only. In addition to physical problems in children, playing games can also cause psychological problems, especially if the child who played violent games.
It could be kids imitating what he saw in real life, so do not be surprised if a lot of violence that occur in children of primary school. Violence in the game more dangerous, since children are involved in these interactions.

Heroes who commit violence in the game was never convicted and tend to be appreciated, so that it can be argued that child abuse is something that is true.
Scientific research proves that children often play violent games tend to be more aggressive.

A child may only play the game, as long as time is limited and the most important thing is the selection of games appropriate for children. And parents should be firm in determining the time playing the game for his son.